RESUMO
ABSTRACT: Bariatric surgery has become a recognized tool to reduce weight and resolve or improve comorbid conditions associated with obesity. Patients with obesity are at risk for nutritional deficiencies because of poor-quality diets and the chronic inflammatory state of obesity. Iron deficiency is common in these patients, with incidence rates as high as 21.5% preoperatively and 49% postoperatively. Iron deficiency is often overlooked and not treated, leading to increased complications. This article reviews the risk factors for developing iron-deficiency anemia, diagnosis, and treatment considerations for oral versus IV iron replacement for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva , Anemia , Cirurgia Bariátrica , Deficiências de Ferro , Humanos , Ferro/uso terapêutico , Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Anemia Ferropriva/tratamento farmacológico , Anemia Ferropriva/etiologia , Anemia/tratamento farmacológico , Anemia/etiologia , Obesidade/complicaçõesRESUMO
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and incidence in the United States, although lower than in some resource-limited countries, remains high. Women of color are at a disproportionate risk of developing a life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage. Risk assessment tools are available but because they lack specificity and sensitivity, all pregnant women are considered at risk. Early identification of and intervention in a hemorrhage requires an interdisciplinary team approach to care and can save the lives of thousands of women each year.
Assuntos
Hemorragia Pós-Parto , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Mortalidade Materna , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/etiologia , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/mortalidade , Hemorragia Pós-Parto/terapia , Gravidez , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Each year, more than 250,000 women in the United States are diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. Although overall mortality for breast cancer patients has declined, it is still the second most common cause of cancer death in women. This article provides an overview of nonmetastatic breast cancer in women, including general features, diagnostic considerations, and treatments for the most common breast cancer subtypes.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Mama in situ/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Lobular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Mama in situ/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Mama in situ/patologia , Carcinoma de Mama in situ/terapia , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/terapia , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/metabolismo , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/patologia , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/terapia , Carcinoma Lobular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Lobular/patologia , Carcinoma Lobular/terapia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismoAssuntos
Eclampsia , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez , Hipertensão , Pré-Eclâmpsia , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez , Doença Crônica , Eclampsia/diagnóstico , Eclampsia/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/terapia , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez/terapia , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Pré-Eclâmpsia/terapia , Gravidez , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações Cardiovasculares na Gravidez/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
The FDA recently approved a procalcitonin assay for use in hospitals and EDs to help prescribers determine if an antibiotic should be prescribed and for what duration. This article reviews the use of procalcitonin testing and evidence-based medical decision-making for patients with sepsis or lower respiratory tract infections.
Assuntos
Calcitonina/sangue , Infecções Respiratórias/sangue , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores/sangue , Humanos , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
This article provides a review of the general features, clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Assuntos
Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações na Gravidez/terapia , Hemorragia Uterina/etiologia , Hemorragia Uterina/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Anamnese , Exame Físico , Gravidez , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/etiologia , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/fisiopatologia , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/terapia , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Ultrassonografia , Hemorragia Uterina/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Recent changes to the FDA's drug labeling rules clarify the risk of drugs for patients who are pregnant or lactating and remove A, B, C, D, and X as risk categories. Drugs are now categorized by risk for pregnancy, lactation, and women and men of reproductive potential. Risk summaries and clinical considerations in the new labeling can help prescribers and patients make informed decisions about medication use.
